For example, the longer a person goes without food, the more hungry they will become. Also, the motivation to fulfill such needs will become stronger the longer the duration they are denied. The first four levels are often referred to as deficiency needs ( D-needs), and the top level is known as growth or being needs ( B-needs).ĭeficiency needs arise due to deprivation and are said to motivate people when they are unmet.
This five-stage model can be divided into deficiency needs and growth needs. Needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.įrom the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: physiological (food and clothing), safety (job security), love and belonging needs (friendship), esteem, and self-actualization. growth needs Five-stage model hierarchy Eight-stage model hierarchy Self-actualization Educational applications Critical evaluation References FAQs
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